![]() It is characterized by a range of challenges and strengths that vary from person to person. What is Autism Spectrum Disorder?Īutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects social communication and behavior. To gain a comprehensive understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), it is important to explore what it entails and why accurate diagnosis is crucial. Understanding Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) By assessing the presence and severity of symptoms outlined in the DSM-5, professionals can provide the necessary support and interventions to individuals with autism and their families. ![]() Understanding and identifying these diagnostic criteria play a vital role in obtaining an accurate diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. It's important to note that these criteria are used by professionals to guide the diagnosis of autism and ensure consistent evaluation across different individuals. ![]() Hyper- or hypo-reactivity to sensory input: Individuals may show heightened sensitivity or unusual interest in sensory aspects of their environment, such as extreme reactions to certain sounds, textures, or smells.These interests may be highly focused and may dominate their thoughts and conversations. Highly restricted interests: People with autism often develop intense interests in specific topics or objects.They may become upset or distressed by changes in their environment or daily routines. Insistence on sameness: Individuals may exhibit rigidity and a strong desire for routines.Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements: This includes behaviors like hand flapping, rocking, or repetitive movements of objects.To meet this criterion, the person must display at least two of the following behaviors: Individuals with autism may have difficulty adjusting their behavior to suit the social context and may exhibit a lack of interest in forming relationships.Ĭriteria B: Restricted, Repetitive Patterns of Behavior, Interests, or ActivitiesĬriterion B focuses on the presence of restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. Deficits in developing and maintaining relationships: This criterion encompasses challenges in forming and maintaining age-appropriate relationships.They may also struggle with maintaining eye contact. Deficits in nonverbal communication: Individuals may have difficulties understanding and using nonverbal cues such as gestures, facial expressions, and body language.Deficits in social-emotional reciprocity: This refers to challenges in initiating and maintaining social interactions, difficulties with back-and-forth conversation, and a lack of shared interests or emotions.Some key features of Criterion A include: ![]() To meet this criterion, the person must exhibit persistent deficits in social communication and social interaction across multiple contexts. ![]() Criteria A: Persistent Deficits in Social Communication and Social InteractionĬriterion A focuses on the social difficulties experienced by individuals with autism. The criteria are divided into two main categories: Criteria A: Persistent Deficits in Social Communication and Social Interaction and Criteria B: Restricted, Repetitive Patterns of Behavior, Interests, or Activities. The DSM-5 provides clear guidelines for identifying and categorizing the symptoms and behaviors associated with autism. ![]()
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